Fig. 2
Neuronal Injuries Initiate Long-Range Ca2+ Transients in the Brain(A1–A3) Dorsal views of a 3 dpf larval brain showing the time course of a Ca2+ wave (beta-actin::GCaMP3.1) forming upon central brain injury (Movie S2). The injury site is marked with a white arrowhead.(B1–B3) Time course of a Ca2+ wave (beta-actin::GCaMP3.1) forming upon single-hemisphere injury (Movie S2, upper right). The injury site is marked with a white arrowhead.(C) Ca2+ wave (beta-actin::GCaMP3.1) upon central brain injury with regions of interest (ROI1, ROI2, and control) for intensity measurements marked with red, green, and gray ellipses, respectively. The injury site is marked with a white arrowhead.(D) Intensity plot of the Ca2+ signal over time measured in ROI1, ROI2, and control shown in (C).(E1–E3) Time course of Ca2+-wave (beta-actin::GCaMP3.1) and microglial movement (pU1::Gal4-UAS-TagRFP) upon killing of around 10 neurons (Movie S2, lower left). The injury site is marked with a white arrowhead. Microglial cells responding to the injury are marked with red asterisks, while microglia in the same hemisphere not responding to injury are labeled with blue Xs. Microglia in the other hemisphere are labeled with a white X.(F1–F3) Time course of Ca2+ wave (beta-actin::GCaMP3.1) and microglial branching (pU1::Gal4-UAS-TagRFP) upon killing of around 10 neurons (Movie S2, lower right). The injury site is marked with a white arrowhead. Scale bars for all images: 20 μm. All images were produced using an Olympus FV 1000 with a 40X/NA1.15 objective.See also Movie S2. |
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Reprinted from Developmental Cell, 22(6), Sieger, D., Moritz, C., Ziegenhals, T., Prykhozhij, S., and Peri, F., Long-Range Ca(2+) Waves Transmit Brain-Damage Signals to Microglia, 1138-1148, Copyright (2012) with permission from Elsevier. Full text @ Dev. Cell