Fig. 4

Morphologic and behavioral changes observed in ddc morphants.

The change of body length (A) and touch response (B) in control (n=124) and 0 (n=123), 1.25 ng (n=104), 2.5 ng (n=93), 5 ng (n=111) and 10 ng (n=96) tMO1-treated larvae, showing the dose-dependent decrease of body length and touch response in treated larvae. (C) Brain volume calculation showing the decrease of brain volume compared with control, in 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 ng tMO1-treated larvae (n=7 in each test). (D) Compared with control and buffer image stained with Toluidine blue, horizontal section in 3 dpf morphants revealed smaller brain size in 2.5, 5 and 10 ng morphants. DT, dosal thalamus; poc, postoptic commissure; PT, posterior tuberculum; TeO, tectum opticum. Statistical analyses of brain to white matter ratio (E) and brain cell numbers (F) in control, and 0, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 (n=7 each) ng tMO1-treated larvae are shown. The brain area is enclosed by a dash line boundary and the white mater area is light blue staining areas within the brain. All results were expressed as mean±SD. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 compared to control larvae.