Fig. 4

Rats treated with MASH1 exhibit increased regeneration of noradrenergic axons into the SC bridge.

A, A low magnification image of a SC bridge from a MASH1 treated animal showing the rostral (left) and caudal (right) spinal cord/SC bridge interfaces delineated by GFAP-positive astrocytes (white). Note the long astrocyte processes (small arrowheads, A and B) that extend into the bridge. Hoechst-stained nuclei are blue and the large arrowhead indicates the polymer channel. Small holes (arrows) in the top of the channel were created to inject a fluid mixture of SCs and Matrigel (scale bar = 1 mm). Locations of higher magnification images taken on an adjacent section are indicated by letters (B-G). In treated animals, many beaded DβH-positive axons (red, arrows) regenerated 0.25 mm (B), 0.5 mm (C), 1.0 mm (D), 1.5 mm (E), 2.0 mm (F), and more than 2.5 mm (G), beyond the rostral spinal cord/SC bridge interface (scale bar = 20 µm). H, An illustration of the line-transect method of analysis, depicting DβH-positive axons (red) regenerating into a SC bridge. The polymer channel (thick black lines) and the transverse dorso-ventral lines used for quantification (thin purple lines) are diagrammed. The numbers represent mm from the rostral interface. I, The percentage of DβH-positive axons 10 mm rostral to the bridge that regenerated across the bridge was greater in MASH1 treated animals (n = 10) compared to control animals (n = 11; ** = p<0.01, two-way ANOVA; ++ = p<0.01 Bonferroni posttest).