ZFIN Image: Dworkin et al., 2014, Fig. 5

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Figure Caption

Fig. 5

Pharyngeal and jaw defects in grhl3-morphants are rescued by edn1 mRNA. (A-F) edn1, dlx3 and hand2 are lost in grhl3-morphants but are restored (arrows) following rescue by edn1 mRNA at 24 hpf. (G-J) Lower jaw cartilage defects in grhl3-morphants are rescued by re-expression of edn1. (G and H, lateral views; I-J, ventral views; 96 hpf; ep, ethmoid plate; hs, hyosymplectic; mc, Meckel’s cartilage; pq, palatoquadrate; bh, basihyal; ch, ceratohyal; cb1-3, ceratobranchials 1-3. (K) Quantitation of rescue of lower jaw phenotypes following edn1 mRNA injection into grhl3-morphants. The proportion of phenotypically-WT fish is significantly increased in edn1-rescued grhl3-morphants; (+) compared to non-rescued morphants (-); similarly, the proportion of fish displaying either mild or severe defects is significantly reduced in edn1-rescued morphants.

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Acknowledgments

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Reprinted from Mechanisms of Development, 133, Dworkin, S., Simkin, J., Darido, C., Partridge, D.D., Georgy, S.R., Caddy, J., Wilanowski, T., Lieschke, G.J., Doggett, K., Heath, J.K., Jane, S.M., Grainyhead-like 3 regulation of endothelin-1 in the pharyngeal endoderm is critical for growth and development of the craniofacial skeleton, 77-90, Copyright (2014) with permission from Elsevier. Full text @ Mech. Dev.