Fig. 4

Embryonic alcohol-exposed adults have preserved systolic function by echocardiography. A. Pulsed wave Doppler (PD) measurements of blood movement across the BV valve in representative 5 mpf CTRL and EAE-DV males show bradycardia and normal blood outflow velocity during systole. Vo = peak outflow blood velocity. B?D. Quantitative measurements of heart rate (B), FAC (C), and peak outflow velocity (D) for CTRL and EAE males (n > 15, 5 mpf). E. PD measurement of blood movement across the BV valve in representative 10 mpf CTRL and EAE-DV males shows bradycardia and normal blood outflow velocity during systole. F?H. Quantitative measurements of heart rate (F), FAC (G), and peak outflow velocity (H) for CTRL and EAE males (n > 11, 10 mpf). I. B-mode ultrasound image of a zebrafish heart identifying the region traced for strain analysis (green line). J?K. Measurement of GLS showing increased GLS in EAE-DV males at 6 mpf (J) and 8 mpf (K [n > 9]). L. 3D heatmap of longitudinal strain across five cardiac cycles in 8 mpf males. EAE-DV males have increased strain in the base regions of the AW and PW. M. Diagram showing the segmentation of the ventricle wall into posterior and anterior base, mid, and apex regions. N. Region-specific measurements of % strain in CTRL and EAE-DV males across a single cardiac cycle from peak diastole to peak diastole, with the x-axis as time in image frames. Black arrows indicate areas of difference in peak longitudinal strain in anterior base measurements between cohorts. O. Quantitative measurement of peak longitudinal strain in CTRL and EAE-DV 8 mpf males across the anterior base, mid, and apex regions. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired, two-tailed Student's t-test assuming equal variances (B?D, F?H, J?K) or a nonparametric Mann?Whitney test (O). P-values are shown. AW = anterior wall, PW, apex; V, ventricle; A, atrium; OFT, outflow tract; ns, non-significant (P > 0.05).