Increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines in il4/13a;b−/− larvae. (A and B) qPCR analysis showing levels of il1β, il6, tnfα, ifng1–2, and mpx mRNA in wildtype, il4/13a−/−, il4/13b−/−, and il4/13a;b−/− 5 dpf larvae. Dots indicate individual fish. Gene expression was normalized to the expression of β−actin. Error bars represent SEM; n > 3, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative image of mpx in situ hybridization in wildtype and il4/13a−/− 3 dpf larvae (n = 9–10). Purple dots indicate mpx+ cells. Scale bar, 100 μm. (D) Quantification of mpx+ cells in wildtype and il4/13a−/− larvae head region. Dots indicate individual fish.
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