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PDGFRβ2 activity was required for ISV angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos. fli1a:eGFP or kdrl:GFP embryos were injected with control morpholino oligonucleotide (MO) or pdgfrβ2 MO at the one-cell stage and imaged at 24 hpf (A), 30 hpf and 48 hpf (E). Light images of whole embryos are shown for 24 hpf (B) and 48 hpf (G). Blocking of splicing was confirmed using RT-PCR (D). pdgfrβ2 MO-injected embryos had significantly more ISV defects than control MO-injected embryos at 24 hpf (A and C), 30 hpf and 48 hpf (E and F). Angiography at 72 hpf showed less circulation through ISVs in pdgfrβ2 MO-injected embryos (H). The ISV defect seen in pdgfrβ2 MO-injected embryos was partially rescued when pdgfrβ2 mRNA was coinjected with pdgfrβ2 MO (I and J). Arrowheads indicate complete ISVs. Asterisks indicate angiogenic sprouts. *** indicates p<0.001, ** indicates p<0.01. All data represent the mean +/- standard error.
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