PUBLICATION
Glomerular permeability is not affected by heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan deficiency in zebrafish embryos
- Authors
- Khalil, R., Lalai, R.A., Wiweger, M.I., Avramut, C.M., Koster, A.J., Spaink, H.P., Bruijn, J.A., Hogendoorn, P.C.W., Baelde, H.J.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-190830-11
- Date
- 2019
- Source
- American journal of physiology. Renal physiology 317(5): F1211-F1216 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Spaink, Herman P., Wiweger, Malgorzata
- Keywords
- Glomerular basemement membrane, Glomerular filtration barrier, heparan sulfate, proteinuria, zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology*
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Heparitin Sulfate/deficiency*
- Heparitin Sulfate/metabolism
- Kidney Glomerulus/physiology*
- Mutation
- N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/genetics
- N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/metabolism
- Zebrafish
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
- PubMed
- 31461353 Full text @ Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.
Citation
Khalil, R., Lalai, R.A., Wiweger, M.I., Avramut, C.M., Koster, A.J., Spaink, H.P., Bruijn, J.A., Hogendoorn, P.C.W., Baelde, H.J. (2019) Glomerular permeability is not affected by heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan deficiency in zebrafish embryos. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology. 317(5):F1211-F1216.
Abstract
Proteinuria develops when specific components in the glomerular filtration barrier have impaired function. Although the precise components involved in maintaining this barrier have not been fully identified, heparan sulfate proteoglycans are believed to play an essential role in maintaining glomerular filtration. Although in situ studies showed that a loss of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans increases the permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier, recent studies using experimental models showed that podocyte-specific deletion of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan assembly does not lead to proteinuria. However, tubular reabsorption of leaked proteins might have masked an increase in glomerular permeability in these models. Furthermore, not only podocytes, but also glomerular endothelial cells are involved in heparan sulfate synthesis in the glomerular filtration barrier. Therefore, we investigated the effect of a global heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan deficiency on glomerular permeability. We used a zebrafish embryo model carrying a homozygous germline mutation in the ext2 gene. Glomerular permeability was assessed with a quantitative dextran tracer injection method. In this model, we accounted for tubular reabsorption. Loss of anionic sites in the glomerular basement membrane was measured using polyethyleneimine (PEI) staining. Although mutant animals had significantly fewer negatively charged areas in the glomerular basement membrane, glomerular permeability was unaffected. Moreover, heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan‒deficient embryos had morphologically intact podocyte foot processes. Glomerular filtration remains fully functional despite a global reduction of heparan sulfate.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping