PUBLICATION
γ2 and γ1AP-1 complexes: Different essential functions and regulatory mechanisms in clathrin-dependent protein sorting
- Authors
- Zizioli, D., Geumann, C., Kratzke, M., Mishra, R., Borsani, G., Finazzi, D., Candiello, E., Schu, P.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-170405-7
- Date
- 2017
- Source
- European journal of cell biology 96(4): 356-368 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Borsani, Giuseppe
- Keywords
- AP-1, Clathrin, Vesicular transport, γ1, γ2
- MeSH Terms
-
- Adaptor Protein Complex gamma Subunits/chemistry
- Adaptor Protein Complex gamma Subunits/genetics
- Adaptor Protein Complex gamma Subunits/metabolism*
- Adaptor Protein Complex sigma Subunits/chemistry
- Adaptor Protein Complex sigma Subunits/genetics
- Adaptor Protein Complex sigma Subunits/metabolism*
- Adipocytes/cytology
- Adipocytes/metabolism
- Animals
- Blood Vessels/growth & development
- Blood Vessels/metabolism
- Brain/growth & development
- Brain/metabolism*
- Cell Line
- Clathrin/genetics
- Clathrin/metabolism*
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Embryo, Nonmammalian
- Endosomes/metabolism
- Endosomes/ultrastructure
- Fibroblasts/cytology
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Models, Molecular
- Protein Isoforms/chemistry
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- Protein Multimerization
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Protein Transport/genetics
- Signal Transduction
- Transport Vesicles/metabolism*
- Transport Vesicles/ultrastructure
- Zebrafish
- trans-Golgi Network/metabolism*
- trans-Golgi Network/ultrastructure
- PubMed
- 28372831 Full text @ Eur. J. Cell Biol.
Citation
Zizioli, D., Geumann, C., Kratzke, M., Mishra, R., Borsani, G., Finazzi, D., Candiello, E., Schu, P. (2017) γ2 and γ1AP-1 complexes: Different essential functions and regulatory mechanisms in clathrin-dependent protein sorting. European journal of cell biology. 96(4):356-368.
Abstract
γ2 adaptin is homologous to γ1, but is only expressed in vertebrates while γ1 is found in all eukaryotes. We know little about γ2 functions and their relation to γ1. γ1 is an adaptin of the heterotetrameric AP-1 complexes, which sort proteins in and do form clathrin-coated transport vesicles and they also regulate maturation of early endosomes. γ1 knockout mice develop only to blastocysts and thus γ2 does not compensate γ1-deficiency in development. γ2 has not been classified as a clathrin-coated vesicle adaptor protein in proteome analyses and functions for monomeric γ2 in endosomal protein sorting have been proposed, but adaptin interaction studies suggested formation of heterotetrameric AP-1/γ2 complexes. We detected γ2 at the trans-Golgi network, on peripheral vesicles and identified γ2 clathrin-coated vesicles in mice. Ubiquitous σ1A and tissue-specific σ1B adaptins bind γ2 and γ1. σ1B knockout in mice does not effect γ1/σ1A AP-1 levels, but γ2/σ1A AP-1 levels are increased in brain and adipocytes. Also γ2 is essential in development. In zebrafish AP-1/γ2 and AP-1/γ1 fulfill different, essential functions in brain and the vascular system.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping