PUBLICATION
Subtypes of hypoxia-responsive cells differentiate into neurons in spinal cord of zebrafish embryos after hypoxic stress
- Authors
- Zeng, C.W., Kamei, Y., Wang, C.T., Tsai, H.J.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-160820-8
- Date
- 2016
- Source
- Biology of the cell 108(12): 357-377 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Tsai, Huai-Jen
- Keywords
- Hypoxic stress, Neuronal regeneration, Spinal cord injury, zebrafish embryos
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Animals, Genetically Modified/embryology
- Animals, Genetically Modified/genetics
- Cell Hypoxia
- Cell Line
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics
- Humans
- Neural Stem Cells/cytology*
- Neural Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neurogenesis*
- Open Reading Frames
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Spinal Cord/cytology
- Spinal Cord/embryology*
- Transcription Factor CHOP/genetics
- Zebrafish/embryology*
- Zebrafish/genetics
- PubMed
- 27539672 Full text @ Biol. Cell
Citation
Zeng, C.W., Kamei, Y., Wang, C.T., Tsai, H.J. (2016) Subtypes of hypoxia-responsive cells differentiate into neurons in spinal cord of zebrafish embryos after hypoxic stress. Biology of the cell. 108(12):357-377.
Abstract
Background information Background Information: Neuron stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) of zebrafish central nervous system (CNS) are known to thrive during oxygen recovery after hypoxia, but not all cell-types have been fully characterized due to their heterogeneities. In addition, an in vivo model system is not available that can help us to identify what type-specific cell populations that are involved in neural regeneration and to track their cell fate after regeneration. To solve these issues, we employed a zebrafish transgenic line, huORFZ, which harbors an inhibitory upstream open reading frame of human chop mRNA fused downstream with GFP reporter and driven by cytomegalovirus promoter. When huORFZ embryos were exposure to hypoxic stress, followed by oxygen recovery, GFP was exclusively expressed in some particular cells of CNS. Unlike GFP-negative cells, all GFP-expressing cells were not apoptotic, indicating that cell populations that are able to survive after hypoxia can be identified through this approach.
Results When GFP-expressing cells of spinal cord were studied, we found mostly NSPCs and radial glia cells (RGs), along with a few oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OLPs) and oligodendrocytes (OLs), all termed as hypoxia-responsive recovering cells (HrRCs). After hypoxic stress, these GFP-positive HrRCs did not undergo apoptosis, but GFP-negative neurons did. Prolonged recovery time after hypoxia correlated with higher proportions of GFP(+)-NSPCs and GFP(+)-RGs, in contrast to lower proportions of proliferating/differentiating GFP(-)-NSPCs and GFP(-)-RGs. Among HrRCs-subtypes, only GFP(+)-NSPCs and GFP(+)-RGs proliferated, migrated, and differentiated into functional neurons during oxygen recovery. When some HrRCs were ablated in the spinal cord of hypoxia-exposed huORFZ embryos, swimming performance was impaired, suggesting that HrRCs are involved in neuronal regeneration.
Conclusion We demonstrated type-specific cell populations able to respond sensitively to hypoxic stress in the spinal cord of zebrafish embryos and that these type-specific populations play a role in neural regeneration.
Significance Among heterogeneous cell types that exist in the spinal cord of zebrafish embryos after hypoxia, the particular cells that are resistant to hypoxia and also involved in neuronal regeneration can be clearly identified and dynamically traced using a transgenic model fish. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping