Regulation of spinal interneuron differentiation by the paracrine action of glycine
- Authors
- Côté, S., and Drapeau, P.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-120112-3
- Date
- 2012
- Source
- Developmental Neurobiology 72(2): 208-214 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Drapeau, Pierre
- Keywords
- glycine receptors, KCC2, interneurons, motor neurons, sensory neurons
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Zebrafish/embryology
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Xenopus Proteins
- Glycine Agents/pharmacology
- Receptors, Glycine/deficiency
- Spinal Cord/cytology*
- Paracrine Communication/physiology*
- Microscopy, Confocal
- PAX2 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
- Symporters
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/physiology*
- Strychnine/pharmacology
- Green Fluorescent Proteins
- ELAV Proteins/metabolism
- Interneurons/physiology*
- Morpholinos/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/physiology*
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
- Glycine/metabolism*
- Glutamate Decarboxylase/metabolism
- Nerve Tissue Proteins
- PubMed
- 22234938 Full text @ Dev. Neurobiol.
Glycine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are depolarizing during early development but the purpose is unclear. We tested the effect of altering glycine signaling in zebrafish embryos by overexpressing the potassium-chloride co-transporter type 2 (KCC2) to reverse the chloride gradient or by blocking glycine receptors with strychnine or by selectively knocking down the embryonic glycine receptor (GlyR KD). Using a variety of markers we observed in all three cases a reduction of all types of spinal interneuron populations examined, indicating that glycine modulates their overall differentiation rather than choice of cell fate. Other cell populations (motor, sensory, and glial cells) were unaffected. As glycine appeared to act preceding neural and synaptic development, we examined the bandoneon (beo) mutant in which glycine receptors are functional but not clustered at synapses. Neural populations in beo embryos appeared normal, suggesting a paracrine action of circulating glycine in promoting interneuron differentiation.