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FIGURE 9
Ethanol-induced nerve defects occur at the time of muscle innervation (A–E) 1% ethanol exposure between 6hpf-24hpf, 24hpf-48hpf, 24hpf-4dpf, 48hpf-4dpf and 72hpf-4dpf result in ectopic nerve defects. Arrows indicate ectopic nerves along the medial axis. (F–J) Number of ethanol-exposed isl1:RFP fish with total ectopic nerves, ectopic midline nerves, ectopic lateral nerves, nerve positioned outside the muscle, left-right nerve asymmetry (n = 15 in each group). The frequency of various nerve defects significantly increased in fish exposed to ethanol between 24 h-4 d and 48 h-4 d. (F, G) The frequency of ectopic nerve defects particularly increased in fish exposed to ethanol between 48 h and 4 d. (h/hpf-hours post fertilization, d-days post fertilization). * = p < 0.05; ** = p < 0.01; *** = p < 0.001. Scale bar = 100 um.