Fig. 4

The effects of DMSO vehicle (A) and different adrenergic antagonists (B, atenolol, ß1-specific; C, ICI-118551, ß2-specific; D, SR59230A, ß3-specific) and the ß-AR agonist (isoproterenol) on heart rate in 7 dpf adrb1^+/+ and adrb1^−/− zebrafish larvae. All drugs, except SR59230A (10 μM) were applied at a final concentration of 100 μM. The effects of each antagonist were analyzed in separate three-way ANOVAs. Note that on each panel the four “untreated” bars (i.e., no antagonist) are repeated to provide control data for comparison with a given antagonist; all of the data were collected in the same sessions so the use of the same controls was appropriate. ns, p > 0.05; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. N values are shown by individual data points. Bars show means ± SEM.