ZFIN Image: Schaub et al., 2012, Fig. 6

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Fig. 6

Zebrafish Snapc2 is essential for intrahepatic biliary network formation. (A and B) Bright-field images of wild-type (A) and snapc2 morpholino injected (B) larvae at 100 hpf are overlaid with Tg(gutGFP)^s854 fluorescence (green). Snapc2 morpholino injected larvae show smaller livers and mild pericardial edema. (C) Snapc2 expression in wild-type larvae at 80 hpf. Snapc2 expression is detected in the liver at this stage. The outlined area is magnified and shown in E2. The liver is outlined in E2. (D and E) Tg(Tp1bglob:EGFP)^um14 expression in the intrahepatic biliary network of wild-type (D) and snapc2 morpholino injected (E) larvae at 100 hpf. Tg(Tp1-MmHbb:EGFP)^um14 expression is absent from the snapc2 morpholino injected liver. (F and G) Tg(fabp1a:DsRed)^gz15 expression in the hepatocytes of wild-type (F) and snapc2 morpholino injected (G) larvae at 100 hpf. Lateral views, anterior to the left. White arrowheads point to the liver in each image. (H) Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis shows that 52 bp are deleted from snapc2 mRNA in snapc2 MO(A) injected larvae. (I) Real-time PCR to compare snRNA gene expression between wild-type and snapc2 MO(A) injected larvae at 60 hpf. Data are represented as fold change relative to expression levels in wild-type larvae. The expression levels of U1 and U6 snRNAs are not significantly changed, while those of U2 (average 0.75 fold; s.d. = 0.153), U4 (average 0.657 fold; s.d. = 0.02) and U5 (average 0.368 fold; s.d. = 0.218) snRNAs are down-regulated in s445 mutant larvae. *, p < 0.05; N.S., not significant (p > 0.05). (J) Bright-field image of snapc2 binding domain mRNA injected larvae at 100 hpf. Schematic of the Snapc2 binding domain of Snapc4 is shown in (J2). (K) Tg(Tp1bglob:EGFP)^um14 expression in the intrahepatic biliary network of snapc2 binding domain mRNA injected larvae at 100 hpf.

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Acknowledgments

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Reprinted from Developmental Biology, 363(1), Schaub, M., Nussbaum, J., Verkade, H., Ober, E.A., Stainier, D.Y., and Sakaguchi, T.F., Mutation of zebrafish Snapc4 is associated with loss of the intrahepatic biliary network, 128-137, Copyright (2012) with permission from Elsevier. Full text @ Dev. Biol.