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Fig. 7
Analysis of lgi1a and lgi1b double morphants.
Coincident knockdown of lgi1a and lgi1b results in enhanced phenotype and high mortality rates compared with the single morphants. In (A) 2 ng morphants for lgi1a shows a macroscopically normal phenotype, which is similar to lgi1b morphants, other than the presence of hydrocephalus (arrow). The double mismatch morphant (3 ng of each MO) also appears normal. When the double morphant was analyzed using low dose MO (2 ng of each) small eyes and head together with hydrocephalus (arrow) are observed as well as a curved tail phenotype not seen in single morphants. At high MO doses (3 ng) the curved tail phenotype is enhanced. (B) Quantitative PCR analysis shows that combined treatment with mismatch MO has no effect on either lgi1a or lgi1b mRNA whereas combined low dose (2 ng) treatment results in a 35–50% reduction in mRNAs from the two genes which is even further reduced after high dose (3 ng) treatment. In (C) the mortality in both low dose and high dose combined treatment is significantly different than in the single morphants or combined mismatch morphants. After 48–72 hpf the mortality is even further increased.